Safety device for elevators



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. P'AROSBLLI. SAFETY DEVICE EOE ELEVATOES..

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(No Model.)

R. PAROS'ELLI.

SAFETY DEVICE EOE ELEVATOES.

Patented Jurre 28, 1898.,A

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(No Model.) e R. PAROSELLI.

SAFETY DEVICE EUR ELEVATORS.

No. 606,489. Patented June 28,1898.

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PATTNT SAFETY maligni-:31k FOR ELEVATORS.

srEcrFIeATIoN-forming part f Letters 'Patent No. 606,489, dated June 28, 1898. Application filed March 19,-1i9i3. l Serial No, {374,481} ,(No model.)

To @ZZ whom t mayconccrn: f -l Be it known that I, RAFFAELE PARosnLLI, of Jersey City, in the county [of 'Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Safety Device ,for Elevators, of'

which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in safety devices for elevators designed to stop the elevator quickly and securely in oase of breakage of the suspending-cables and inclu ding also a mechanism by which the elevator-cage may be safely lowered to a landing if it becomes stopped between iioors.

My invention consists of the novel construction hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying Fig. 2 is a similar view showing in operation' the device for lowering` the cage. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the mechanism for lowering the elevator-cage. Fig. 4: isa horizontal section on the line 4; et in Fig.'` l. Figis a sectional elevation on the line 5 5 in Fig. 4:, and Fig. 6 is a detail elevation of the clutch mechanism for stoppingthe cage.

In the drawings, A represents the guides which are usually provided to control the position of the cage inthe, elevator-Well. The guides may be of any ordinary construction, but are preferably made with their outer edge surfaces plain. As herein shown, one of these guides is placed at each corner of the cage. p

The elevator-cage is constructed in two prin cipal parts-the cage proper anda casing which surrounds the cage and engages the guides A. This outside casing is formed of the vertical bars B, one located at each corner and connected at top and bottom by the cross-bars B and B2. These crossbars are provided with blocks B5, which embrace the edges of the guides A. Between the vertical posts or bars B, near their upper ends, are located the eccentrics C, pivoted upon the pins C and each having an arm projecting towardthecenter of the cage and provided with a longitudinal slot C2, adapted to embrace a pin CZ in a block Di mounted upon the upper end of the cage, 4whiehlatter` is constructed in any suitable l manner#` As :herein shown, it comprises the `vertical bars D?, connecting the upper floor D and the lower floor D. To the upper iioor are connectedl the blocks D5, which support the ends'of the pins d, which engage the ecoentrics. The cage and the casing are mounted so as to have relative vertical movement. It is obvious that when the cage moves downward relativeft'o the casing the eccentric-s will be rotated upon their pivots so as to force the eccentrics outward against the edges of the guides A, and thus to bring sufficient pressure upon the guides to hold the cage against dropping. 'l

The" suspendingcables F, which run upon a grooved pulley F at the top of the elevatorwell, are attached to the cage by a yielding connection,which is formed in the following I manner: Upon the upper iioor D are mounted ,two staples E', within which is placed a crossbar E,'an*d the cables are attached directly to this crosslbar. The cross-bar is attached to the upper floor lD of the cage by means of springs e, which tend to hold the cross-bar down closeto Vthe cage and out of contact with `the upper ends f the staples E. c'able'sF are drawn upon, the weight of the .cageis such that it will overcome the stress When the ofthe springs and permit the cross-bar E to engage the upper ends of the staples, as shown in Fig. 1. NVhen, however, the cables F are broken, the springs c will immediately draw `the cross-bar close to the upper floor D or into the position shown in Fig. 2. l

Beneath the lower floor D is a shaft H5, supported in brackets h, attached to the under surface of said floor. The shaft has fixed ,thereto one or more eccentrics H6, as is clearly vend of this shaft Yis -iixed a crank H, provided with a handle '77,', adapted to'be engaged from the inside of the 'cagejso as to slightlyrotate the eccentric H6 by means of the train of gearing. The eccentrics engage with a flooring B4, mounted upon the cross-bars B2 of the IOO outer casing. Between the cross-bars B2 of this casing and the lower floor D extend springs I, which tend to draw the two floors toward each other; but this tendency is resisted by the eccentrics HG when in the position shown in Fig. l. The two parts are separated a sufficient distance to prevent the working 0f the clutch-eccentrics C by rotating the eccentrics Il6 through the means of the crank I-I.

The crank H is provided with a notch in its upper end adapted to be engaged by a pin g upon one end of a lever G3. This lever is mounted upon a standard Gr4 within the cage or is otherwise mounted upon the frame of the cage and is connected at its opposite end to a rod G2, which extends upward above the upper end of the cage. At its upper end the rod G2 is connected to a spring G, which acts to raise the rod and hold the pin g in engagement with the notch in the crank H. To the upper end of the rod G2 is pivotally connected a bar G, which lies upon the upper floor D and extends beneath the cross-bar E. If the cross-bar E is allowed to be drawn down by the action of the springs e, as will happen when the suspending-cables F are broken, the bar G will be depressed and thus cause the pin g to be raised from engagement with the crank II, and the weight in the cage and the action of th`e springs I will cause a downward movement of the cage relative to the casing. This will throw the clutch-eccentrics C outward, so as to engage the guides A and stop the descent of the cage. The greater the weight of the cage and its load the harder the eccentrics will be forced outward into engagement with the guides. The power applied to restrain the cage is thus proportionate to the weight thereof.

The crank-handle 7L, being within the cage, may be operated by the attendant so as to release the clutch-eccentrics C at any time. It might be possible by this means to release the pressure sufficiently to allow the cage to slide downward without any danger to the occupants. To make this descent perfectly safe, however, I have provided another mechanism. At the top of the elevator-well, upon bars A', which extend from one guide to another, is mounted a governor. Upon the bars A' are fixed two yvertical plates M, which have side extending bars m, in which is journaled the shaft Q of a fan or rotating blade Q. The shaft Q is connected by means of a bevel-pinion I)4 at its lower end to a bevelpinion P3, mounted upon a shaft carrying a spur-pinion P2, engaging with a gear P upon an idler-shaft carrying a pinion P, engaging with a gear-wheel K2 upon a shaft K. The

gear-wheel K2 is secured to the shaft K by means of a ratchet-wheel L and its dog, so that the gear-wheel is secured to the shaft when rotated in one direction, but free to move thereon while rotated in the other direction.

Upon the shaft K is a wheel K, which is secured to the shaft K and rotates therewith. The construction described may be reversedthat is', the wheel K .may be mounted loosely upon the shaft and the gearwheel K2 be keyed to the shaft. In either case, one or the other wheel is secured to the shaft by means of the ratchet-wheel L. As herein shown, the Wheel K is a plain pulley, having projecting pins 7o on its periphery and adapted to engage a belt J. For this purpose the belt isfprovided with holes suitably spaced to engage the pins 7c. Normally the belt J is not attached to the cage, but hangs loosely, as shown in Fig. 1. The belt after leaving the wheel K passes beneath a roller or bar N and then over a pulley O and between said pulley and a guide-link O2. At this point the belt is held upon the pulley O by means of a spring O', so as to increase the amount of lfriction of the belt upon the pulley, the object being to retard the belt enough to insure a firm engagement with the wheel K. When the clutch mechanism has been thrown into operation 'and the cage stopped, the belt J is drawn down and attached to the cage, as shown in Fig. 2. For conveniently attaching the belt two bars E2 are shown as extending upwardly from the cross-bar E, said bars E2 being connected together by pins F3. The upper-pin E3 is adapted to receive the lower end of the belt J.

In case of accident which results in stoppage of the cage the belt J is brought down and attached to the upper pin E3. Vhen thus secured, the clutch-eccentrics Cfare released by means of the crank II until the cage begins to drop. The connection of the belt J to the governing device will result in rapidly rotating the vane Q. As a consequence the fall of thev cage is limited in speed and cannot'attain a speed which will be dangerous. Then the cage reaches a position near a landing, the crank II is released by pulling upwardly on the lever G3, thus raising the pin g from the notch in the crank. The clutch mechanism is thus thrown into operation to stop the cage, and the occupants may then leave the cage in the usual manner.

By this means one of the discomforts attendant upon the use of the ordinary elevator safety devices is obviated.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent--`l l. An elevator, comprisinga cage formed in two parts adapted to have relative vertical movement, a lockin g device adapted to normally restrain the movement of said parts in one direction, a guide-clutching mechanism actuated by the relative movements of the -parts of the cage, a suspension device for the IOO IIO

2. An elevator,- comprising a cage formed in two parts adapted to have relative vertical movement, sprin gs supporting one of said parts from the other, a locking device adapted to normally restrain the action of the springs, a guide-clutching mechanism actuated by the lrelative movement of the parts of the cage, a

spring-influenced suspension device for the cage, having a limited yielding action, and a trip for the locking device, actuated by the recoil of the suspension device when the strain on the latter is relieved,substantially as described.

3. An elevator, comprisingacage formed in two parts adapted to have relative vertical movement, a locking device adapted to normally restrain the movement of said parts in one direction, clutch-dogs connected to the parts of the cage and actuated to engage the elevator-guides by the relative movements of the parts of the cage, asuspension device for the cage, having a limited yielding action, and a trip for the locking device actuated by the recoil of the suspension device when the lstrain on the latter is relieved, substantially as described.

4. An elevator, comprisingacage formed in two parts adapted to have relative vertical movement, a locking device adapted to normally restrain the movement of said parts in one direction, eccentrics pivoted upon one part of the cage and having arms connected to the other part, whereby the eccentrics are forced into engagement with the elevatorguides by the relative vertical movement of the parts of the cage, a suspension device for the cage, having a limited yielding action, and

- a trip for the locking device, actuated by the recoil of the suspension device when the strain on the latter is relieved', substantially as described.

5. An elevator, comprising a cage formed in two parts adapted to have relative vertical Vmovement, springs supporting one of said movement of the parts of the cage, a springinfluenced suspension device for the cage, having a limited yielding action, and a trip for the locking device actiated by the recoil of the suspension device when the strain on the latter is relieved, substantially as described.

6. An elevator, comprisinga cage formed in two parts, a main cage and an auxiliary frame adapted to have relative vertical movement, a suspension connection between the main cage and the auxiliary frame,eccentric clutch-dogs pivoted upon the auxiliary frame and adapted to engage the elevator-guides, said dogs having operative connection with the main cage, a lock adapted to restrain the movement of the parts of the cage, and a trip for the lock held out of action the strain upon the suspension connection, substantially as dev adapted to have relative vertical movement, a

suspension connection between the main cage and the auxiliary frame,eccentric clutch-dogs pivoted upon the auxiliary frame and adapt-l ed to'engage the elevator-guides, said. dogs having operative connection with the main cage, an eccentric pivoted upon one part of 3 the cage and engaging the other, to hold the two separated and the clutch-dogs in inoperative position, a lock normally holding, the parts in said position, springs connecting the two parts of the cage and acting in opposition to the eccentrics to throw the dogs into action,

and a trip for the lock, held out of action by'V the strain upon the suspension connection, substantially as described.

8. An elevator, comprising a cage formed in two parts,a main cage and an auxiliary frame adapted to have relative vertical movement, a suspension connection between the main cage and the auxiliary frame,eccentric clutch-dogs pivoted upon the auxiliary frame and adapted to engage the elevator-guides, said dogs having operative connection with the main cage, an eccentric pivoted upon one part of the cage and engaging the other part to hold the two separated and the clutch-dogs in inoperative position, a crank within the cage having a rotative connection with said eccentric, a lock for said crank, springs connecting the two parts of the cage and acting in opposition to the eccentric to throw the dogs into action, and a trip for. the lock, held out of action by the strain upon the suspension connection, substantially as described.

9. A lowering device for elevators, comprising a governor fixed at the top of the elevatorwell and having a wheel adapted to receive a flexible connector, a flexible connector passing over said wheel and adapted to be connected with the cage to support it, means for freeing the elevator-cage and for lookin g it in the well, at will, and positive mea-ns by which the belt is prevented from slipping on the wheel, substantially as described.

lO. A lowering device for elevators, comprising a governor xed at the top of the elevator-well and having a wheel adapted to receive a liexible connector, a liexible connector passing over said .wheel and adapted to be connected with the cage to support it,means for freeing the elevator-cage and for locking it in the well, at will, and a friction device acting upon the belt before it reaches the wheel, substantially as described.

1l. In a loweriu g device for elevators, a governor fixed 4at the top of the well and having a Wheel adapted to receive a flexible connector, a ratchet connection between said wheel and the governor mechanism permitting said wheel to run free in one direction, a flexible connector passing over said wheel, and adapt- IOO IIO

ed to be connected with the cage to support it, and means for freeing the elevator-cage and for locking it in the Well, at will, substantially as described.

l2. In al'owerin g device for elevators, a governor fixed at the top of the elevator-well and comprising a revolving Vane, a wheel and multiple gearing between the vane and wheel,

said wheel being adapted to receive a flexible connector, a flexible connector passing over said wheel and adapted to be connected with the cage to support it, and means for freeing the elevator-cage and for locking it in the well, at will, substantially as described.

13. In a lowering device for elevators, a governor fixed at the top Of the elevator-well and comprising a revolving vane, a wheel, and multiple gearing between them, said wheel being adapted to receive a flexible connector,

a flexible connector passing over said wheel 2oA and adapted to be connected with the cage to support it, means for freeing the elevator-cage and for locking it in the well, atwill, and a friction device acting on the belt before it reaches the wheel, substantially as described. 25

RAFFAELE PAROSELLI.

Witnesses:

H. L. REYNOLDS, EVERARD BOLTON MARSHALL. 

